Numerical modeling for lithium iron phosphate batteries

This paper proposes optimizing, calibrating, and validating an electrochemical model of a lithium iron phosphate (LFP) battery using an experimental approach based on measurement campaigns under different operating conditions. In particular, starting from the electrochemical model of an LFP battery, developed in the numerical environment of Comsol Multiphysics that allows excellent flexibility in considering and integrating phenomena of different physical nature, such as electrochemistry, thermal, and electromagnetic, this measurement-based approach allows us to investigate in-depth and realistic features of the battery and implement in the model the real behavior. For this task, in the paper, an LFP battery has been experimentally characterized by performing charge and discharge cycles at controlled and monitored temperatures at different current and State of Charge (SoC) values. This experimental characterization has been used for the implementation phase of the numerical model, providing the trend of the Open Circuit Voltage as the SoC varies and for the validation phase to verify whether the battery voltage and the SoC predicted by the model were consistent with the experimental data.