Progettazione e realizzazione di un dispositivo per l’attuazione di emergenza durante eventi catastrofici

This thesis deals with the realization of a prototype of an actuator, which, in case of emergency, due to catastrophic events such as fires, disasters and the like, is able to operate the movement of a valve for opening or closing a hydraulic circuit (for example, a gas or water pipeline). The focus is on the electric machine candidate to operate as actuator for the movement of the valve: different alternatives are analyzed, and mainly the self-excitation synchronous machine (SESM) and a novel "claw-pole motor" is presented. The communication protocol between the various devices has been studied and implemented, which must necessarily operate on the network in order to ensure timely intervention where an emergency event occurs. Acoustic tests were also performed in a semi-anechoic chamber, to assess the sound environmental impact of this device. Finally, an embodiment of the actuator for emergency is described, adopting a rotating solenoid as the electromagnetic actuator; this construction is flanked by another one, which instead uses a DC motor; both versions are characterized by the fact that they do not use permanent magnets, as they would not be suitable (due to their physical characteristics) to be installed on actuator devices to be used in cases of catastrophic events. The final testing tests, carried out in the laboratory, complete the discussion of the emergency device object of this work.