Probability of Null Water Demand Characterization

Water demand characterization when this assumes minimum values, if not null ones, is of fundamental importance for the hydraulic network management analysis. In fact, when this water demand condition occurs – usually during the night time – maximum pressures are on network pipes and at the same time tank levels increase and treatment plants are supplied with the minimum flow. The study of the null water demand are furthermore of great interest for leakages analysis in water complex systems. In this paper a study of the probability of null residential demand is provided by referring to different case studies in which the number of users ranges between 500-1250. In order to be able of implementing this study in a water distribution modeling, relationships for the daily null water demand characterization in function of the users supplied and the interval time discretization are also proposed.