Homogenization technique for interconnect modeling based on the monotonicity property

The homogenization techniques are widely used in the numerical electromagnetism to reduce the computational cost of simulations and to get a thorough insight into the qualitative behavior of materials. The purpose of the work is to model a 3D electrical interconnect embedded in an inhomogeneous dielectric in terms of an equivalent, simplified, 2D transmission line embedded in a homogeneous dielectric. The procedure estimates the values of the equivalent per-unit-length parameters via homogenization of physical and geometrical parameters, such as permittivity and inter-conductor distance. The homogenization exploits the property of Monotonicity, initially proposed for the imaging of materials.