Mechanical loads on the European DEMO divertor due to static and transient electromagnetic events. Part 2: VDEs and major disruptions

This paper presents an advanced electromagnetic (EM) characterization of the European DEMO divertor, with particular emphasis on the mechanical loads generated by critical static and transient events. Building upon the results of Part 1, which addressed a previous design iteration, the present work employs a refined three-dimensional Finite Element Method (FEM) model to assess the updated 2025 divertor configuration, including the umbrella dome geometry and the double cooling circuit layout. The analysis covers both the Divertor Module and its Cooling System under several plasma disruption scenarios, such as the Vertical Displacement event (VDE - with 86 ms and 500 ms) and a Major Disruption event (MD - with 86 ms of duration). The numerical model considers both effects: the eddy and halo currents.Furthermore, additional attention is devoted to the influence of backplate material selection on the resulting Lorentz forces and moments. The reference AISI 316 Ti configuration is compared with an alternative CuCrZr-based solution. The study provides a comprehensive comparison of peak loads and their temporal evolution for each disruption scenario, delivering key input data for structural verification and fastening system design of the DEMO divertor components.