Optical methodologies for the overall characterizations of non-pneumatic tires

In this work, we propose a methodology for the comprehensive characterization of complex objects, such as airless tires, based on optical methods. In particular, a tailored approach based on laser scanning principle of triangulation, Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and Shearography has been developed, to provide an exhaustive set of metrology tools for such new automotive technology. In our investigation a non-pneumatic tire of type MICHELIN® X® TWEEL® UTV has been considered as a case study. A three-dimensional (3D) analysis, the characterization concerning the evaluation of the structure behavior under a vertical load, the measurement of the shape for testing junction areas and the investigation of the faults in tire sections are reported. The information carried out by the optical techniques was used to develop and validate a finite element (FE) model. The proposed approach could be a valid tool to characterize such complex structures opening the way for a different approach in line with the industry 4.0 paradigm and monitoring the airless performance during the time and in various conditions.