Evaluating eye-hand coordination with digital technologies

Digital tools, such as computerized wobble boards (WB), offer a novel approach to assess dynamic balance in lower limbs. Since their potential for evaluating eye-hand coordination remains unexplored, this study assessed the inter-test reliability and concurrent validity of WB measurements for upper limb fine motor skills, proposing WB as an alternative to the Grooved Pegboard test (GPT). Fifty-three healthy participants completed WB and GPT tests, and a WB retest after 48 h. The custom WB software displayed real-time performance via a motion marker and target zone. Participants moved the marker within the target zone following predefined patterns (clockwise, counterclockwise, anteroposterior, mediolateral) across four 15-s trials per hand. Performance was quantified as the duration (s) the marker remained in the target zone under each condition. According to Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) WB demonstrated good to excellent reliability (ICC: 0.62-0.80), acceptable Standard Error of Measurement (SEM: 0.96-2.14 s), and minimal detectable change (MDC95: 1.90-4.25 s). Moderate to strong correlations (r =  - 0.30 to - 0.54) between WB and GPT outcomes suggested WB captured related aspects of fine motor coordination. These findings confirm WB's reliability and validity as a tool for assessing eye-hand coordination. Further validation is needed in training or rehabilitation contexts.